St. Agatha, from the episode "Holy Women" 1578

Agostino Carracci created this engraving of St. Agatha as part of a series on "Holy Women". Born in Bologna, Italy, Carracci's artistic output reflects the Catholic Reformation's focus on religious imagery. Agatha, a Christian martyr, was venerated for her steadfast faith amidst torture. This work is especially poignant, as it represents the long history of persecution faced by women who dared to challenge societal norms through religious conviction. Agatha is depicted holding a palm, symbol of martyrdom, and breasts on a chalice, referencing her torture. The gaze in her eyes reflects a complicated mixture of pain and resolve, as she stands as a figure of strength and defiance. This engraving does more than just depict a saint; it encapsulates a profound story of female courage, resilience, and the complex intersections of faith, gender, and power in the face of historical adversity.