Portret van Johan II Casimir, koning van Polen 1628 - 1670

Pieter de Jode II created this portrait of Johan II Casimir, King of Poland, using engraving techniques. Note the king’s baton, a symbol of power and authority. We see variations of this scepter across centuries, from the ancient Egyptian staffs signifying pharaonic power to the Roman emperors' scepters, each adapted to reflect cultural values and beliefs. Think of the recurring motif of the "ruler's staff," a visual echo reverberating through time. The baton has psychological implications, too. It's more than a mere object; it represents control, direction, and the imposition of will upon the world. This resonates deep within our collective consciousness, evoking subconscious responses related to leadership and dominance. Symbols persist and evolve, their meanings layered by history and human experience. Each reappearance is a testament to the enduring power of images and the cultural memory they embody.