Le départ de l'hiver c. 19th century

Honoré Daumier created this lithograph, "Le départ de l'hiver," which translates to "The Departure of Winter," sometime in the mid-19th century. It encapsulates Daumier’s sharp wit and his commentary on the socio-political climate of his time. Here, we see a ragged figure representing Winter, departing. He's being bid farewell by two smartly dressed soldiers, under a sign that reads "Pologne," or Poland. The image creates meaning through visual codes: the pathetic figure of Winter, with a barren tree branch sprouting from his head, contrasts starkly with the pompous military figures. The print was made in France and is a biting commentary on European politics during the 1860s, particularly the failed Polish uprising against Russian rule. France, along with other Western powers, did not offer military support to Poland, effectively siding with Russia, Poland’s “best ally”, Winter. To understand Daumier’s work fully, scholars consult period newspapers and political cartoons. Such research reveals how art serves as both a reflection of, and a challenge to, the prevailing social norms and political realities of its time.