James, Duke of York, Later King James II 

Editor: Here we have a portrait of James, Duke of York, who later became King James II, rendered in oil paint. It's undeniably opulent, even at first glance. The armor and lace… How do you interpret this work? Curator: From a materialist perspective, I am drawn to the stark contrast between the delicate lace and the cold steel of the armor. It speaks volumes about the societal structures of the time. Think about the labor involved – the painstaking work of the lacemakers versus the production of the armor, both reflecting specific social classes and power dynamics. The materials themselves become historical documents. Editor: That's interesting! I was just focusing on the visual contrast, but you’re right, it’s also about labor and production. Do you think Riley was intentionally highlighting those social aspects? Curator: Intentionality is difficult to prove, but an artist living in that society couldn't escape the reality of those contrasts. Riley, as a painter, relied on pigments, canvas, and brushes - each with its own origin and economic value. How might the specific pigments available to him at the time shape our perception of royal power? What about the availability, trade, and labor that was available for his art creation at the time? Editor: So, by examining the material origins of the painting itself, we gain a better understanding of the socio-economic context surrounding James II? Curator: Precisely! The painting becomes more than just a likeness of a king; it's a manifestation of the material conditions and labor relationships that underpinned his reign. It really encourages us to challenge traditional boundaries. Editor: That shifts my understanding entirely. I'll definitely consider this materialist lens when viewing other portraits. Thanks! Curator: It’s all about recognizing that even seemingly straightforward depictions can reveal complex material histories and social meanings. I will definitely remember your comments on the aesthetics of the painting as well!