Zeven gezichten op Jeruzalem, Israël before 1898

Jules Calas created this photo collage of Jerusalem sometime in the late 19th century. The piece offers seven distinct views of the city. During the late 19th century, photography served as a powerful tool for shaping Western perceptions of the Middle East. Images like these often exoticized the region, framing it as a site of biblical history, ripe for Western exploration and, at times, intervention. The black and white medium itself lends a historical quality, imbuing the scenes with a sense of ancient timelessness, while subtly obscuring the vibrant, contemporary life of the city. These images freeze moments in time. Look at the Dome of the Rock or the Damascus Gate; these are not just architectural marvels, but also silent witnesses to centuries of cultural exchange, conflict, and resilience. They encourage us to think about how the city is represented, and who gets to tell its story. Consider how these carefully selected views shape our understanding of Jerusalem, and how they might differ from the lived experiences of its inhabitants.