Crucifixion 1540

Michelangelo painted this “Crucifixion” with oil on panel. Oil painting was relatively new at this time, having been refined in the preceding century. The qualities of oil, unlike fresco or tempera, allowed Michelangelo extended time to work, and to build up layers of color and tone. See how he uses chiaroscuro, the contrast of light and dark, to create drama and emphasize the suffering of Christ. Oil paint is a versatile medium that allows the artist to achieve a high level of detail and realism. Note how he models the musculature of Jesus: his deep understanding of anatomy clearly came from his experience as a sculptor. Think of the labor involved in sourcing and preparing the materials: grinding pigments, mixing the oil, preparing the panel. Michelangelo's mastery of oil painting elevated it to a high art form. By understanding the materials and techniques used, we can appreciate the skill and artistry involved in creating this powerful image.