Vijf heiligen die door paus Clemens X gecanoniseerd zijn 1651 - 1704

This print, "Five Saints Canonized by Pope Clement X," was made in 1671 by Barend de Bailliu, using engraving. This is an interesting choice of media. Etching and engraving have a very long history, dating back to the metalworking traditions of the medieval period. In this print, Bailliu used the technique to create an array of fine lines, using those lines to represent the textures of the figures' robes, skin, and the clouds above. Look closely at the architecture in the background; you can see how he created depth and shadow. The choice of printmaking is interesting because of the way it democratizes imagery. Compared to a unique painting, a print can be reproduced and distributed widely. The choice of engraving in this instance speaks to the Catholic Church's active outreach to the masses. It is not 'high art,' but part of a broader effort of promotion.