Drei Badende an Steinen, Fehmarn 1913

Editor: Here we have Ernst Ludwig Kirchner’s "Drei Badende an Steinen, Fehmarn" from 1913, a woodcut print currently housed at the Städel Museum. The stark colors and angular figures give it a somewhat unsettling, raw feel. How do you see this work, particularly in the context of its production? Curator: I’m drawn to the materiality of this woodcut. Consider the labor involved – Kirchner painstakingly carved these figures from wood, embracing the inherent roughness of the medium. It's Expressionism, of course, but what does this conscious choice of process and material tell us about his view of the world at that time, given the pre-war industrial context? Editor: That's interesting. The 'roughness' you mention feels very deliberate, a contrast to the increasing industrialization. Does it suggest a commentary on alienation from nature and craft? Curator: Precisely. He's not just depicting figures; he’s actively engaging with a pre-industrial method of production. The bold colors and jagged lines emphasize the physical act of making art, pulling it away from the polished perfection associated with traditional art academies. Are those colors readily available, uniform hues? Look closely at their application. Editor: They definitely feel less refined, more immediate, possibly reflecting a direct and somewhat visceral creative process. Would you say that connects to Expressionism’s emphasis on personal experience and emotional response? Curator: Yes, and that directness is enabled, indeed amplified, by his chosen method of carving. The labor, the materials, they become integral parts of the artwork’s meaning, beyond the mere representation of figures. Editor: I see it now. So, beyond the expressive figures themselves, the very act of creating this woodcut, the deliberate choice of a hands-on, perhaps 'primitive' technique, carries significant weight in understanding the artwork's overall message. Curator: Exactly! It’s a rebellion of sorts, a reclamation of craft in the face of mass production. Editor: This material-focused approach gives me a whole new appreciation for the print, connecting it more deeply to its historical and social setting.