Copyright: National Gallery of Art: CC0 1.0
Honoré Daumier made this lithograph, a printmaking technique using a stone or metal plate with a smooth surface, sometime in the mid-19th century. The medium itself is crucial here. Lithography allowed for the relatively quick and inexpensive reproduction of images, making it perfect for political satire. Daumier was a master of this, using the graphic immediacy of the print to comment on the social and political climate of France. In this image, we see a group of figures struggling to place a head on a statue labeled “Monarchie”. The rough, gestural lines of the lithograph convey a sense of urgency and chaos. Look at the way Daumier uses shading to create depth and volume, giving the scene a palpable weight. Daumier's choice of lithography aligns perfectly with his social critique, democratizing art and using it as a tool for political commentary. It collapses the distinction between high art and everyday life, reflecting the tumultuous times in which it was made.
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