Portret van Margaretha van Parma, landvoogdes der Nederlanden 1840 - 1884

This engraving portrays Margaretha van Parma, made by Johann Wilhelm Kaiser. Note the delicate lace bonnet and the weighty necklace; they speak of her status, but it is the book in her hand that truly captures our attention. The book—a symbol of knowledge and piety—resonates across centuries. We see it echoed in depictions of saints and scholars, each holding forth wisdom. Yet, in Margaretha's grasp, it takes on a particular resonance. Consider how the act of holding a book has evolved: from sacred scripture to personal reflection, it reflects the changing relationship between the individual and knowledge. The unconscious desire for legitimacy is palpable here. Observe how this emblem of learning and authority is used by royalty and religious figures alike, revealing a timeless dance between power and knowledge.