Daniel Cross-Examining the Elders, from The Story of Susanna 1555

Editor: This intaglio print, “Daniel Cross-Examining the Elders, from The Story of Susanna” created around 1555 by Heinrich Aldegrever, showcases a highly detailed scene filled with figures. It's the dense lines that strike me; the artist seems to have used the very close lines to generate tone and shading. What are your observations on how line is used? Curator: The emphasis is certainly on line, wouldn’t you agree? Aldegrever masterfully employs line not merely for contour but also for texture and tonal variation. Notice how the density and direction of the lines contribute to the modeling of forms. Consider how the intricate patterns etched onto the garments of the figures serve to visually distinguish them and create depth. Does the distribution of light and shadow created by the density of lines have an effect on you? Editor: Yes, the way the light falls gives the image weight. And the perspective lines, converging above and behind the figures, give a feeling of a weighty interior space, despite it all being created by these lines. But is there anything more that jumps out at you from a formal perspective? Curator: Observe the deliberate composition of the scene. The arrangement of figures is neither symmetrical nor chaotic, it occupies a balance. There are smaller clusters that work independently and as a single unit. Further, notice the intentional interplay between open and closed forms. The active gestures contrast with the relative passivity of the enthroned figure, guiding the viewer's eye. The foreground figure acts almost as a repoussoir, inviting us into the scene. Do you see how these formal qualities reinforce a dramatic, dynamic interpretation of the subject matter? Editor: I can see how Aldegrever masterfully wielded line and composition. Thanks, looking at this piece from a formalist view has given me new appreciation for engraving and etching as mediums. Curator: Indeed. It compels us to appreciate Aldegrever’s talent and innovation.