Tantalus 1588

Hendrick Goltzius created this circular engraving, Tantalus, which depicts a figure from Greek mythology, in the late 16th century. Goltzius was working during the Northern Mannerist period, a time of great social and political upheaval marked by the Reformation and the rise of powerful monarchies. In this context, Goltzius turns to the story of Tantalus as a way to explore themes of power, punishment, and the human condition. Tantalus, who was condemned to eternal torment in the afterlife, is shown here, upside down, forever reaching for water and fruit that are just out of reach. The image is striking in its depiction of physical and psychological torment. The viewer is made to feel the agony of Tantalus's unending desire and frustration. The inscription around the image reinforces this idea, lamenting how wretched the man lives amidst wealth, being needy. This engraving captures a sense of human ambition and its potential for leading to suffering. It serves as a reminder of the consequences of hubris and the limitations of human existence.