Toil, II n.d.

Felicien Rops made this etching, "Toil, II," in the late 19th century. It depicts a worker engaged in strenuous labor, possibly in a rural or agricultural setting. This image reflects a broader cultural interest in representing the working class, particularly in the context of industrialization and urbanization. Rops was part of the Belgian avant-garde, and he used his art to engage with the social issues of his time. Made during a period of significant social upheaval and labor movements, the artwork highlights the often harsh realities of working-class life. The figure's hunched posture and the implied struggle suggest a critique of the exploitative conditions faced by many laborers in the late 19th century. To fully understand Rops's work, we delve into archival materials, exhibition records, and period publications. These resources provide insights into the artistic and social milieu in which he operated, shedding light on the public role of art. This helps contextualize the image and reveal its commentary on the social structures of its time.