Plate 15: Crane and Bittern(?) c. 1575 - 1580

This watercolor and gouache on vellum, dating from the late 16th century, is by the artist Joris Hoefnagel. It features a crane and a bittern. The use of watercolor on vellum was a deliberate choice, lending a luminous quality to the depictions of the birds. Hoefnagel skillfully captures the essence of each bird, with meticulous attention to detail in their plumage and form. The layering of the paint creates depth and texture, bringing the birds to life on the page. This was a labor-intensive, specialized process, requiring careful preparation of the vellum surface and precise application of the pigments. Hoefnagel’s work reflects a deep understanding of the natural world, combined with the refined techniques of manuscript illumination. It speaks to a time when the boundaries between art and scientific observation were more fluid than they are today. By highlighting the materials and processes behind this artwork, we gain a deeper appreciation for Hoefnagel's achievement, challenging any assumed divide between art, craft, and scientific inquiry.