Spotprent op de terugtocht van Napoleon I Bonaparte uit Rusland 1812 - 1814

Jacob Smies made this print, satirizing Napoleon’s retreat from Russia, likely soon after the disastrous campaign of 1812. The image creates meaning through pointed visual codes. Napoleon leads his bedraggled troops, who play instruments as a winged figure – perhaps representing fame – flies away. But Smies is not just interested in poking fun. The image is also a commentary on the social and political climate of the Netherlands at the time. The Netherlands had been annexed by France under Napoleon in 1810. The disastrous Russian campaign fueled growing resentment of French rule. Smies’ print reflects this anti-French sentiment and a yearning for liberation, common amongst the Dutch. These satirical prints played a crucial role in shaping public opinion and galvanizing resistance against Napoleon. Understanding this print requires historical research into the Napoleonic era, Dutch society, and the role of visual propaganda. Art like this provides insight into the complex interplay between art, politics, and public sentiment.