Gezicht op Metz met de Moezel before 1894

Charles Bernhoeft’s photographic print shows the city of Metz with the Moselle River. This image invites us to consider the role of photography in shaping perceptions of urban spaces and their histories. Here, the image creates meaning through the cultural references and historical associations of Metz. Given Bernhoeft's lifespan, this photograph was most likely taken during a time when the region of Lorraine, where Metz is located, was under German control, between 1871 and 1918. The prominent cathedral symbolizes the city's deep-rooted religious heritage. The architectural styles reflect the historical layers of French and German influences, commenting on the social structures of its own time, and the power dynamics between nations. The inclusion of fortifications perhaps reflects the tensions between France and Germany. Understanding art involves research. We look at historical documents, cultural studies, and political analyses to understand better art’s relationship with society and institutions. Ultimately, art's meaning is deeply linked to its social context.