A Boat Off Shore 

Simon de Vlieger made this painting of a boat off shore sometime in the first half of the 17th century. Vlieger was one of the most important Dutch marine painters of his day, and this painting gives us a glimpse into the culture and economy of the Netherlands during its Golden Age. The prominence of maritime scenes reflects the importance of shipping to the Dutch economy. During this period, the Dutch Republic controlled a vast international trade network. It was also a major naval power, engaged in frequent conflicts with other European powers for control of the seas. The level horizon line, and the emphasis on a cloudy sky, suggests the importance of weather in the daily lives of those who lived and worked near the sea. The presence of people on board the ship and on the shore also speaks to the social conditions of the time. By consulting shipping records, trade statistics, and other documents, historians can analyze the full social and cultural context of this image. The meaning of art is always contingent on its social and institutional context.