Influence of the university on the country, from the series “History of Civilization in Poland” 1888

This painting was made by Jan Matejko, a Polish painter known for his historical scenes, as part of his series "History of Civilization in Poland." Matejko was invested in the public role of art. Here, he presents a complex image of the university's influence, likely the Jagiellonian University in Kraków, on Polish society. The painting is filled with figures who seem to be in deep discussion or debate, suggesting a vibrant intellectual atmosphere. But this is contrasted with people lying on the ground who seem to be drunk or passed out. This contrast might be a commentary on the potential for education to uplift society, but also the risks of decadence or social decay. Poland in Matejko's time was a nation struggling to maintain its identity under foreign rule. His paintings often served to remind the Polish people of their history and cultural heritage. Historical accounts from the time are also full of such nationalistic sentiment. Matejko's painting appears to present education as a key component of Polish national identity. Therefore, when interpreting art, we can consider the cultural and institutional context in which it was created.