Plate depicting scene of Vulcan, Venus and Mars 1542

Fra Xanto Avelli da Rovigo made this plate depicting a scene of Vulcan, Venus, and Mars in the 16th century. The painted scene presents a classical myth which offered Renaissance artists an opportunity to display erudition as well as artistic skill. This plate presents a fascinating window into the cultural values of its time. Made in Italy, it reflects the revival of classical learning and mythology during the Renaissance. The choice of subject matter, the adulterous relationship between Venus and Mars, might have served as a commentary on courtly love and morality within elite circles. The use of classical imagery in ceramics, often displayed in wealthy households, suggests an attempt to elevate the status of the owner through association with the cultural elite. Historical documents such as inventories, letters, and treatises on art theory help us to reconstruct the social contexts of the artwork. By studying these sources, we can gain a deeper understanding of the values and beliefs that shaped the creation and reception of this plate.