Mars standing 

This red chalk drawing depicts Mars, the Roman god of war, by Jacob Jordaens. Here, Mars is depicted in classical armor, complete with a helmet and segmented body armor, evoking the might and discipline of the Roman military. The figure of Mars, as a symbol of war, has ancient roots stretching back to the Greek god Ares. Consider the 'Ludovisi Ares', a Roman sculpture from the 2nd century AD, which presents a similarly imposing figure. What is striking is how the depiction of Mars evolves, reflecting changing cultural attitudes toward conflict. In the Renaissance, we see Mars idealized, almost heroic. But in later periods, the image of war becomes more complex, often revealing the psychological toll of battle, a profound and visceral echo in the collective unconscious. It is a testament to the enduring, cyclical power of symbols, constantly reshaped by the anxieties and aspirations of each age.