Madonna and Child on a throne (Front side fragment) 1311

This fragment of a panel painting was made by Duccio in Siena, sometime around 1300, with tempera and gold leaf on wood. The radiant gold background wasn't just for show; it was meticulously applied as gold leaf, reflecting divine light, with the tempera paint, made from pigment mixed with egg yolk, allowing for precise details and luminous colors. Look at how the artist has depicted the delicate features of the angel’s face, with a subtle rendering of light and shadow. The materials themselves carry meaning; the precious gold reflecting wealth, power and faith. Duccio’s masterful use of materials and techniques elevates this fragment beyond mere decoration; it becomes a profound expression of faith and artistic skill. This painting speaks to a time when art was not just about aesthetics, but about the deep connection between materials, making, and spiritual experience, blurring the boundaries between craft and fine art.