Polycrates’ Crucifixion c. 1664

Salvator Rosa painted "Polycrates’ Crucifixion," sometime in the 17th century. Rosa lived in a time and place marked by rigid social hierarchies and the absolute power of the monarchy, and he channels this into the painting. The crucifixion of Polycrates isn't just a historical event; it's a stark tableau of power, subjugation, and the human cost of tyranny. Polycrates hangs suspended, a symbol of defiance turned into a spectacle of defeat, his body a canvas upon which the ruthlessness of authority is painted. Look at the figures surrounding him: some are indifferent, others appear voyeuristic. Rosa seems to ask, what does it mean to witness suffering? How does power warp our humanity and create a society where cruelty becomes commonplace? This painting is not just about a singular event in ancient history; it reflects the artist's concerns about justice, power, and the human condition. It's a potent reminder that these struggles are eternal.