St Cecilia 

Orazio Gentileschi painted Saint Cecilia, the patron saint of music, sometime in the early 17th century. In paintings of the Counter-Reformation, which is the period in which Gentileschi was working, saints were often depicted experiencing visions or performing miracles. Here Cecilia is shown playing the organ, her expression conveying a sense of divine inspiration. The opulence of her dress and jewellery reflect the Catholic Church’s renewed interest in art and architecture designed to inspire awe and reverence. Cecilia’s association with music also aligns with the Church’s use of elaborate musical performances as part of its campaign to win back those who had converted to Protestantism. Looking at Gentileschi’s painting in its historical context, it is easy to see how his art was shaped by the religious and political forces of his time. Art history relies on the examination of such primary documents as letters, inventories and financial accounts, to understand the social conditions that shaped artistic production.