Tweedracht c. 1585 - 1590

Philips Galle created this print, "Tweedracht," sometime before his death in 1612, using the intaglio process of engraving. The image is constructed from precise lines cut into a copper plate, each requiring a deliberate and skilled hand. The material basis of this print significantly influences its appearance. The stark contrast between the black lines and the white paper creates a dramatic effect. The figure of Discordia is vividly rendered, holding a flaming torch in one hand and bellows in the other, suggesting the fanning of flames of conflict. Engraving demands a deep understanding of metallurgy and tool handling. Galle’s mastery of this technique imbued the print with cultural significance, reflecting the turbulent times of religious and political strife in 16th-century Europe. The work, therefore, is a testament to the amount of skill involved in the production process. Understanding the materials, making, and context allows us to appreciate the artwork’s full meaning, challenging traditional distinctions between fine art and craft.