Lucas de evangelist 1554

Pieter van der Heyden created this engraving of Lucas de evangelist in the mid-16th century. Notice the carefully constructed composition, where the solid form of the saint and bull contrasts with the airy rendering of clouds and sky. The artist’s skillful use of hatching creates tonal variety, defining the muscular form of Saint Luke and the powerful presence of the bull, his symbolic attribute. The saint, absorbed in writing, embodies the act of creation and interpretation, central to the gospel. The open books suggest layers of knowledge and textual tradition. Consider how the engraving functions as a symbolic system: the bull represents sacrifice and strength, while the saint's halo marks his divinity, together creating a powerful message. The stark contrast in textures—from the smoothness of skin to the rough fur of the bull—enhances the visual and tactile experience of the artwork. This engraving invites us to reflect on the interplay between form and meaning.