Moccasins 19th-20th century

These moccasins were skillfully created by Haudenosaunee (Iroquois) artists using a combination of natural and trade materials, demonstrating a sophisticated adaptation to changing economic landscapes. The soft, tanned leather forms the shoe's structure, offering protection and comfort, while the intricate beadwork showcases a remarkable level of craftsmanship. The beads themselves, likely obtained through trade, are meticulously sewn onto the surface, creating vibrant floral or possibly vegetal patterns. This highly specialized skill would have been passed down through generations. The application of beads transforms a utilitarian object into a visual statement, reflecting the cultural values and aesthetic preferences. The labor-intensive nature of beadwork underscores the value placed on handmade objects, challenging Western distinctions between art and craft. The moccasins are more than just footwear; they embody the intersection of tradition, trade, and artistic expression within Haudenosaunee culture.