The Frankfurt Altarpiece of the Exaltation of the True Cross_Emperor Heraclius’ Entry into Jerusalem c. 1603 - 1605

Adam Elsheimer painted "The Frankfurt Altarpiece of the Exaltation of the True Cross: Emperor Heraclius’ Entry into Jerusalem" on copper in the early 17th century. This painting depicts Emperor Heraclius returning the True Cross to Jerusalem. Initially, Heraclius is shown processing triumphantly on horseback before he is divinely stopped. He removes his crown and opulent robes, and walks barefoot into Jerusalem carrying the cross. The work blends religious narrative with political undertones, reflecting the complex relationship between spiritual authority and earthly power. Painted in Rome, the piece reflects the period's interest in historical and biblical themes. It is a commentary on leadership, humility, and the role of religious relics in legitimizing power. The choice of copper as a base was itself innovative, allowing for a high level of detail and luminosity. Understanding this work requires insights into both religious history and the political dynamics of the Holy Roman Empire. By researching the symbolic meaning of the cross in this context, we can better appreciate the painting's historical and cultural significance.