Ferdinand Reunited with his Father 1821

Robert Smirke created this watercolor and ink drawing titled ‘Ferdinand Reunited with his Father’ sometime between 1752 and 1845. It illustrates a touching moment from Shakespeare's play ‘The Tempest,’ exploring themes of reconciliation and the restoration of social order. Smirke’s artwork would have been made during a period of significant social and political change. Britain witnessed the rise of industrialization, urbanization, and the expansion of its empire. These changes influenced artistic production, with artists often grappling with the implications of modernity and its impact on traditional social structures. Shakespeare became a kind of national poet during this time, and illustrations of Shakespeare's plays would circulate in print form, allowing the middle classes to feel cultured and patriotic. The composition of the artwork emphasizes the emotional connection between Ferdinand and his father, while also suggesting the social harmony that is being restored. Art historians look at how the artist uses visual cues such as body language, setting, and costume to convey the play’s overarching themes. These are all keys to unlock the cultural meanings embedded within the artwork.