Aquilegia vulgaris (almindelig akeleje) 1635 - 1664

Hans Simon Holtzbecker made this watercolor of an Aquilegia vulgaris, also known as a Common Columbine, in Denmark sometime in the mid-17th century. At this time, the Danish kingdom was consolidating its power, with the monarchy exerting control over both the aristocracy and the church. In this context, Holtzbecker's detailed botanical illustration reflects a growing interest in the natural world, fueled by both scientific inquiry and aesthetic appreciation. The image’s meaning emerges not just from its depiction of a flower, but also from its participation in a broader cultural movement. Botanical illustration served practical purposes for physicians, apothecaries, and garden enthusiasts. But also, it aligned with the period's fascination with collecting and classifying natural specimens. Holtzbecker himself was commissioned to record the royal gardens. His illustrations thus reflect the social values and institutional structures of his time. Understanding this artwork requires us to delve into the history of botany, the patronage networks of the Danish court, and the artistic conventions of the 17th century. These provide us the resources through which the complex relationship between art, science, and society becomes visible.