Vrouw met hoed, op de rug gezien c. 1930 - 1934

This sketch in graphite on paper of a woman with a hat, seen from behind, was made by Isaac Israels, a Dutch painter known for his impressionistic style. Israels lived and worked during a time of rapid social change in the Netherlands. During the late 19th and early 20th centuries, the country saw the rise of industrialization and urbanization, which led to new social classes, changing gender roles, and increased social mobility. Israels’ work captured this modern life, often depicting scenes of leisure, fashion, and urban life. The image evokes a sense of modernity and anonymity, with the focus on the woman's attire rather than her individual identity. The Rijksmuseum, where this work is now housed, plays an important role in shaping our understanding of Dutch art and history. To fully understand the social context of Israels' work, researchers often consult archival materials, period publications, and other historical sources. Art history reminds us that the meaning of art is always contingent on its social and institutional context.