Alfonso Crowned by Mars and Bellona [reverse] c. 1458

Curator: At first glance, the density of figures within this circular frame is striking, almost claustrophobic. Editor: We are observing a bronze relief by Cristoforo di Geremia from around 1458, titled "Alfonso Crowned by Mars and Bellona." It presents an intriguing snapshot into the self-fashioning of Renaissance power. Curator: Indeed. The composition is remarkable. We see Alfonso enthroned, being crowned by what appear to be allegorical figures of Mars and Bellona. Note how their muscularity contrasts with Alfonso's more restrained pose, the way all figures are facing front to underscore monumentality and how their dynamism leads the eye towards the main inscription at the upper perimeter of the circular medium, creating a halo of legitimacy. Editor: Precisely! These weren’t merely portraits; they were deliberate constructions of authority. Alfonso of Aragon sought to legitimize his rule in Naples through strategic visual propaganda. Casting himself amidst these classical figures signaled a connection to the glories of the Roman Empire and framed his military conquests, here represented through Mars and Bellona, as divinely ordained. Note, also, the diminutive figure kneeling below—a conquered foe? Curator: Likely. This element underscores Alfonso’s power through contrast, employing the conquered body to enhance Alfonso' victorious presence and dominance. Editor: And the materiality matters, too. Bronze, associated with strength and permanence, lends further gravitas to the message. Creating this portrait on the medium of a medal enables to circulate the image in order to spread the ideological statement across geographical areas. Curator: Consider how the texture further accentuates the details, the smoothness of Alfonso's face against the rougher drapery, or the defined musculature of the gods. Editor: It is truly an effective intersection of art and power. I'm struck by the artist's skillful use of historical and mythical figures to build a carefully crafted persona. Curator: I find myself lingering on how its design invites close visual analysis, how semiotics are layered to amplify ideological meaning, a compelling example of artistic rhetoric.