View of the Bosporus 1878

Ivan Konstantinovich Aivazovsky painted this view of the Bosphorus with oils on canvas sometime in the 19th century. Aivazovsky masterfully exploits the inherent fluidity of oil paint, layering translucent glazes to conjure the atmospheric haze over the water. Look closely, and you can see how he contrasts the smooth surfaces of the water with the rougher textures of the buildings and foliage, built up with small brushstrokes. The artist no doubt relied on skilled pigment grinders and canvas makers to prepare his materials. And consider the labor involved in building those ships in the distance, or the architecture along the shore. This painting gives us a glimpse into the complex social and economic systems of the time, from the production of art materials to the construction of maritime vessels. Paying attention to materials, making, and context allows us to appreciate the full meaning of Aivazovsky’s work, blurring the lines between fine art and craft.