Monkey Despot, from Monkey-Ana or Men, in Miniature 1828

This satirical print, *Monkey Despot*, was made by Thomas Landseer in the 19th century, using etching, a printmaking technique with a long and storied history. To create an etching like this, a metal plate, usually copper, is coated with a waxy, acid-resistant substance. The artist then scratches an image into this coating, exposing the metal. When the plate is immersed in acid, the exposed lines are etched into the surface. Ink is then applied to the plate, filling the etched lines, and the excess is wiped away. Finally, the plate is pressed onto paper, transferring the ink and creating a print. The satirical impact of *Monkey Despot* depends on the precise lines and tonal gradations achieved through the etching process. But beyond this, it's important to recognise the political and social context. Landseer's image critiques those in power, suggesting that they are no better than monkeys in costume. The print medium was ideal for disseminating this kind of subversive message widely, playing a crucial role in shaping public opinion. Ultimately, understanding both the process and context enhances our appreciation of the artwork's meaning.