Winterlandschap met bevroren rivier 1586 - 1630

Isaak Major created this winter landscape with frozen river as an etching sometime before 1630. Here, in the Dutch Republic, the depicted activities aren't just pastimes. They reflect a whole society’s negotiation with its environment. Water, so often a threat, here becomes a playground. This etching allows us to consider the social conditions of artistic production. The rise of printmaking in the Netherlands during this period democratized art, making images accessible to a wider audience beyond the wealthy elite. Looking at the landscape, we can explore how the image creates meaning. The frozen river dominates the scene, inviting a range of activities, from skating to transporting goods. The artist captures the nuances of daily life, from the wealthy in their horse-drawn sleighs to the commoners enjoying a simple skate. To fully appreciate this work, we need to consider its historical context, researching the economic activities that depended on frozen waterways, and considering the role of leisure in Dutch society.