New-Born Calf Lying on Straw 1884

Vincent van Gogh made this painting of a newborn calf lying on straw, with oil on canvas. Van Gogh's choice to depict such a humble subject speaks to the cultural context of the late 19th century. In France, where Van Gogh spent much of his artistic career, Realism and Naturalism were dominant movements. These movements sought to portray everyday life, particularly that of the working class and rural communities. Born in the Netherlands, the son of a pastor, Van Gogh's choice of subject also reflects his deep empathy for the lives of ordinary people and the beauty he found in the natural world. The institutional context of art also played a role. The rise of public museums and galleries created a broader audience for art, and artists like Van Gogh sought to connect with this audience by depicting subjects that were relatable and accessible. Understanding the social and institutional context of Van Gogh's work requires looking into the artistic movements of the time, the role of religion in his life, and the changing landscape of the art world. By examining these factors, we gain a deeper appreciation for the meaning and significance of his art.