Monkey Mask, from Divers Masques 1630 - 1650

François Chauveau created this etching titled, "Monkey Mask, from Divers Masques" in France in the 17th century. During this period, the court of Louis XIV was establishing elaborate codes of conduct and expression. Visual codes and cultural references were incredibly important to the social elite. Chauveau's mask plays into this world of hidden identities. The image creates meaning through the use of animal masks, a common motif in courtly entertainments. Monkeys were often associated with foolishness and mimicry. Thus, wearing a monkey mask allowed one to playfully mock social conventions and challenge the rigid norms of the French court. The mask could be seen as a commentary on the artificiality of courtly life. Was it conservative or progressive? Perhaps, both. Looking at prints like these, we can research the entertainments of the time to find out more about the ways they played a role in the establishment and subversion of French courtly culture. By considering the institutional context and the social function of images, we can better understand their complex meanings.